At Dr Kumars' clinic, the Bone and Joint unit are equipped to provide the matchless level of professional competence and warm patient care in the sector of orthopaedics.
The Bone and Joint unit exhibit a panel of highly experienced orthopaedic surgeons trained at well-renowned institutes in India and outside India. The unit facilitates latest and top-notch orthopaedic programs for minor disorders and complex joint replacement, spine surgery, trauma care, fracture treatments, sports injury care and arthroscopic procedures.
We provide a 360o approach for treatments which has made us the favourable choice for diagnosing musculoskeletal conditions like arthroplasty (joint replacements), arthroscopy, limb reconstructions and complicated pelvic acetabular reformation.
Gallstones are toughened deposits of digestive juices that can form in the gallbladder. Gallstones vary in size from as minute as a granule of sand to as huge as a golf ball. Some individuals develop just one gallstone, while others may develop several gallstones all at the same point in time.
Gallbladder Surgery at Dr Kumar's hospital
Our specialists perform surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) which is the only way to cure gallstones. This can be done by conventional (open) method or a well-established endoscopic (laparoscopic) method). The surgeon makes few tiny punctures in the abdomen and inserts surgical instruments and a miniature telescope with an amounted video camera into the abdomen. The camera sends a magnified image from inside the body to a video monitor, giving the surgeon a close-up view of the organs and tissues. While watching the monitor, the surgeon uses the instruments to carefully separate the gallbladder from the liver, ducts and vessels. The gallbladder is then removed through one of the small incisions. Recovery usually occurs within a few hours in most of the cases in the hospital, followed by a few days of rest at home. As there is no damage to the muscle (muscles are not cut) during laparoscopic surgery, patients have less pain and negligible wound complications.
If the surgeon finds any difficulty in the laparoscopic procedure, the operating team may decide to switch over to open surgery. It is called open surgery because the surgeon has to make a 5 to 8-inch incision in the abdomen to remove the gallbladder. Open surgery has faded into the background with the laparoscopic technique providing significant advantages and ease for the patient.
We at Dr Kumar's hospital Provide you with the most advanced treatment with all modern equipment and facilities at a very low and reasonable price.
Acute Renal Colic: Renal colic is an acute, painful situation caused by a stone that blocks the ureter. We at Kumar's Clinic have best urologists with great working experience. So the patient has not to worry about anything just he needs to come to us and we will provide him with the best treatment. It is our Promise.
Kidney stones refer to solid masses made up of tiny crystals. There can be one or more stones in the kidney or ureter at the same time. kidney stones typically leave the body in the urine stream, and a small stone may pass without causing symptoms. If stones grow to sufficient size (usually at least 3 millimetres (0.12 in) they can cause blockage of the ureter. This leads to pain, most commonly beginning in the flank or lower back and often radiating to the groin. This pain is often known as renal colic and typically comes in waves lasting 20 to 60 minutes.
At Dr Kumar's clinic, stone removal surgeries are done by both ways ie Laparoscopic and Open. These surgeries are done routinely by well-experienced surgeons in our hospital. We undertake on an average 25-30 endoscopic surgeries every month for treatment of various kinds of renal and biliary stones. Also, we have a state of the art facility which will help every patient to feel well.
A breast lump is a localized swelling, protuberance, bulge, or bump in the breast that feels different from the breast tissue around it or the breast tissue in the same area of the other breast.
There are different reasons why breast lumps develop. Most lumps are not cancerous and do not pose any risk.
Causes include infection, trauma, fibroadenoma, cyst, fat necrosis, or fibrocystic breasts. Breast lumps may develop in both males and females, but they are much more common in females.
Whether your condition requires care from one specialist or an entire team, our surgeons work side by side with your entire treatment team to develop a personalized care plan to treat your condition. Also, we have a state of the art facility which will help every patient to feel well. we also take special care for children and women.
Benign (non-cancerous) enlargement of the prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH is a very common medical condition affecting a large number of men as they age. It is said that almost every man will experience some symptoms of BPH in their lifetime. When the prostate enlarges it obstructs the flow of urine down the urethra and results in varying symptoms. Although BPH is not life threatening it could be embarrassing, inconvenient and uncomfortable.
We, at Dr Kumar's clinic, perform the world’s most advanced Surgery which is done to remove the enlarged prostate gland tissue. Our doctor performs high precision surgery with the help of modern tools and equipment which allows a minimum cut and a very little or no bleeding.
Hernia Surgery Program offers state-of-the-art surgical repair for all types of abdominal hernias. A hernia is a defect in the abdominal musculature that allows fat or abdominal contents to protrude through the abnormal opening. Hiatal or paraesophageal hernias are treated through our Gastroesophageal Surgery Program. Whether your condition requires care from one specialist or an entire team, our surgeons work side by side with your entire treatment team to develop a personalized care plan to treat your condition.
A skin abscess often appears as a swollen, pus-filled lump under the surface of the skin. You may also have other symptoms of an infection, such as a high temperature (fever) and chills.
It's more difficult to identify an abscess inside the body, but signs include:
pain in the affected area
a high temperature
generally feeling unwell
When to see your GP
See your GP if you think you may have an abscess. They can examine a skin abscess or refer you to hospital if you may have an internal abscess.
There are several tests available to help diagnose an abscess, depending on where it's located.
Causes of abscesses
Most abscesses are caused by a bacterial infection.
When bacteria enter your body, your immune system sends infection-fighting white blood cells to the affected area.
As the white blood cells attack the bacteria, some nearby tissue dies, creating a hole which then fills with pus to form an abscess. The pus contains a mixture of dead tissue, white blood cells and bacteria.
Internal abscesses often develop as a complication of an existing condition, such as an infection elsewhere in your body. For example, if your appendix bursts as a result of appendicitis, bacteria can spread inside your tummy (abdomen) and cause an abscess to form.
Treating an abscess
A small skin abscess may drain naturally, or simply shrink, dry up and disappear without any treatment.
However, larger abscesses may need to be treated with antibiotics to clear the infection, and the pus may need to be drained. This will usually be done either by inserting a needle through your skin or by making a small incision in the skin over the abscess.
Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix. This procedure is most often performed as an emergency operation. In some patients undergoing abdominal surgery for another reason, may have their appendix removed prophylactically so that appendicitis does not develop in the future; this option can be discussed with your surgeon
The majority of appendectomy operations are typically emergency surgeries so the patient needs to follow the instructions given by the surgeon. In general, the patient is advised not to eat food, although with the symptoms, they are usually not hungry anyway. The patient may be treated with medications to reduce or eliminate nausea and vomiting; IV antibiotics may also be initiated before surgery.
How is an appendectomy performed?
Appendectomy is most often done in the operating room after the patient's skin has been shaved to remove hair and swabbed with a germ killing solution; sterility precautions are taken to prevent infection. The appendix may be removed by an open method or the laparoscopic technique. The open method requires a 2 to 3 inch incision in the lower right–hand side of the abdomen to remove the appendix, while the laparoscopic method uses several small incisions in the abdomen and the use of a laparoscope to visualize and then remove the appendix.
According to the support organization Breastcancer.org, eight out of 10 lumps that occur in the breast are not cancerous. Nevertheless, people should seek medical help if a new lump appears or if an existing lump changes.
Often, the lump does not need treatment but, sometimes, if a person needs treatment, doctors may recommend surgery. This kind of breast surgery is known as a lumpectomy.
In this article, we look at the reasons for the surgery and what people can expect before, during, and after the procedure.
There are several reasons why a person might need a lumpectomy.
Sometimes, a surgeon will carry out a biopsy to test a sample of tissue. At the same time, they might remove a small lump that looks suspicious.
If tests confirm the presence of breast cancer, a surgeon will often remove the tumor by way of a lumpectomy.
Causes
There are different causes for lumps in the breast. Not all of them are cancer.
They include:
Cysts: These harmless growths in the breast tissue tend to occur with hormonal changes, such as the start of a menstrual period. A surgeon may use a needle to drain the fluid that usually fills a cyst. But after draining, cysts can reoccur.
Fibroadenoma and fibrocystic breasts: There conditions involve hardening and thickening of the tissue within the breast. The tissue is usually harmless.
Intraductal papillomas: This is when hard, rubbery, lumps form in the milk ducts. These are also usually harmless.
Benign tumors: These solid growths are not cancerous or dangerous. They can be uncomfortable, and they can sometimes cause leakage from the nipples, depending on their location. Doing a biopsy and examining the cells from the tumor under a microscope is the only way to determine if it is cancerous or benign.
Hormonal changes: The breasts change over time and during the menstrual cycle. Lumps may come and go regularly. Checking the breasts at the same time each month can help a person keep track of any change that is unusual.
Fatty lumps that develop after a trauma, and the use of some medications, are other causes of breast lumps.
When to see a doctor?
Diagnostic tests for a breast lump include ultrasound.
Diagnostic tests for a breast lump include ultrasound.
It is vital for a person to see a doctor to find out which type of lump they have in their breast. They can then begin treatment early, if necessary.
A doctor will carry out a physical examination and may recommend imaging tests, including mammogram, MRI, or ultrasound. These tests can reveal details of the lump and surrounding tissue.
Someone who has a low risk for breast cancer may only need to monitor the lump and return periodically to check on it.
However, a doctor may recommend either a biopsy or more extensive surgery if there is any chance that the lump may be malignant or if it causes pain.
What happens in a biopsy?
A biopsy involves removing a small amount of the lump to look for its cause. Doing a biopsy is the only way to diagnose breast cancer or other conditions definitively.
The American Cancer Society describe the following types of biopsy:
Fine needle aspiration biopsy: The doctor inserts a small needle into the lump and removes a few cells for testing.
Core needle biopsy: The doctor uses a slightly larger needle to remove three to six small cylinders of tissue from the breast. Specialists then look at the samples under a microscope.
Surgical biopsy: A surgeon makes a cut into the breast to remove either a small amount of the abnormal tissue or the entire lump. Removing the entire lump is known as an excisional biopsy.
Lymph node biopsy: The doctor takes tissue from the lymph nodes under the arm to check for cancer cells.
An excisional biopsy is also known as a breast lump removal or a lumpectomy.
A lumpectomy removes only the abnormal tissue and a small amount of surrounding tissue from the breast. It leaves the rest of the breast intact.
Lymphadenectomy is the surgical removal of one or more groups of lymph nodes. It is almost always performed as part of the surgical management of cancer. In the treatment of head and neck cancer, three areas must be addressed: the primary site, the neck, and sites of distant metastasis. Of these, disease in the neck is the least straightforward. Even when there is no clinical or radiologic evidence of disease in the neck, 20-30% of patients may still harbor occult metastasis. In particular, cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and supraglottis are the most likely sites to have neck disease at presentation. Neck disease reduces survival rates for head and neck cancers by half. Therefore, control of the neck is of utmost importance in the successful management of these cancers.
There are two major modalities used to address the neck: surgical cervical lymphadenectomy with or without postoperative radiation therapy or radiation therapy in conjunction with chemotherapy. Surgery provides precise pathologic staging of the neck and can also provide definitive treatment.
Dermoid Cyst Overview
A dermoid cyst is a saclike growth that is present at birth. It contains structures such as hair, fluid, teeth, or skin glands that can be found on or in the skin.
Dermoid cysts grow slowly and are not tender unless ruptured. They usually occur on the face, inside the skull, on the lower back, and in the ovaries. Superficial dermoid cysts on the face usually can be removed without complications. Removal of other, more rare dermoid cysts requires special techniques and training. These rarer dermoid cysts occur in four major areas:
Dermoid cysts in the brain: Dermoid cysts occur very rarely here. A neurosurgeon may need to remove them if they cause problems.
Dermoid cysts in the nasal sinuses: These are also very rare. Only a handful of cases involving dermoid cysts located here are reported each year. Removal of these cysts is extremely complicated.
Ovarian dermoid cysts: These growths can develop in a woman during her reproductive years. They can cause torsion, infection, rupture, and cancer. These dermoid cysts can be removed with either conventional surgery or laparoscopy (surgery that uses small incisions and specially designed instruments to enter the abdomen or pelvis).
Dermoid cysts of the spinal cord: A sinus tract, which is a narrow connection from a deep pit in the skin, usually connects these very rare cysts to the skin surface. This type of dermoid cyst can become infected. Removal is often incomplete, but the outcome is usually excel
Dermoid Cyst Causes
Dermoid cysts are caused when skin and skin structures become trapped during fetal development. Their cell walls are nearly identical to those of the outer skin and may contain multiple skin structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands, and sometimes hair, teeth, or nerves.
When to Seek Medical Care
A doctor should be contacted in the following situations:
A cyst becomes painful or inflamed
A cyst grows or changes color
Removal is desired for cosmetic reasons
Typically, removing a dermoid cyst is not an emergency procedure. If a dermoid cyst ruptures, becomes inflamed, or causes pain or fever, a person should seek immediate medical advice. Depending on the severity of pain or discomfort, a person might also consider visiting a hospital’s emergency department.
A fistulectomy is a surgical procedure performed for the treatment of a fistula, an abnormal connection between two hollow or tubular organs such as intestines and blood vessels. Although fistulas can develop in different parts of the body, a fistulectomy is more commonly performed on patients with an anal fistula, which forms in between the skin near the anus and the end of the bowel.
A fistulectomy is different from a fistulotomy. The latter simply involves cutting the fistulous tract open to facilitate healing while the former involves cutting it out completely. Between the two procedures, fistulectomy is deemed more effective, but fistulotomy comes with a shorter recovery period and lower risk of complications.
Who Should Undergo and Expected Results
Fistulectomy is the primary treatment recommended for patients with an anal fistula, also medically known as fistula-in-ano.
An anal fistula refers to an inflammatory tract that develops in the anal region, usually originating in the anal canal leading up to the surface of the skin and creating a visible opening. It commonly occurs when the outlet of the anal glands, which are located in between the internal and external anal sphincters, are blocked. If this happens, an abscess may develop and form an abnormal tract. Fistulas may also develop due to an existing inflammatory bowel disease or malignancy.
Anal fistulas are not generally harmful to a person’s health but can cause a lot of discomfort, itching, and irritation. They can also be very painful, cause bloody or purulent discharge, and even cause the patient’s stool to pass through the fistula, which can raise the risk of developing potentially widespread or systemic infections. This prompts most patients to seek surgical intervention.
A fistulectomy is one of several treatment methods used to resolve fistulas. Patients who undergo the procedure have a higher chance of permanently recovering from their condition, as opposed to the use of a drainage seton, fistula plug, or fistulotomy. The procedure is also expected to completely resolve associated symptoms including chronic diarrhea and incontinence.
How is the Procedure Performed?
Prior to undergoing a fistulectomy, patients complaining of a fistula are advised to first undergo a diagnostic procedure to properly identify and classify the problem. Fistulas are diagnosed through an outpatient physical examination called EUA or Examination Under Anesthesia, which usually takes the form of an anoscopy.
To diagnose the fistula, the examining physician first identifies the three key parts of the fistula, which are the external and internal openings and the tract. Common signs of a fistula include a visible opening, pain during the examination, severe reddening of the affected area, and an abnormal discharge. Upon diagnosis, the physician will classify the fistula based on its location and the degree of its effect on the sphincter muscles; the latter is identified as the Park’s classification.
If the fistula is located in the lower anal region and is subcutaneous or submucous in nature, it is classified as a low-level fistula. However, if it affects the higher anal or the pelvi-rectal region, it is considered as a high-level fistula. Depending on its effects on the sphincter muscles, a fistula is further classified as intersphincteric, transphincteric, suprasphincteric or extrasphincteric.
While low-level fistulas are commonly treated using a fistulotomy, a fistulectomy is regarded as the ideal choice for the treatment of high-level and Park’s fistulas where a considerable amount of sphincter muscle is affected.
Fistulectomy is performed in a hospital either under general or spinal anesthesia. It is an outpatient procedure, which means that unless complications occur during or after the procedure, the patient is discharged once the effects of anesthetics have worn off.
Depending on the severity of the condition, the surgeon may elect to inject a contrast dye into the fistula’s external opening and an imaging tool, such as an X-ray or MRI, to make all the parts of the fistula visible. The surgeon then proceeds to remove all three parts of the fistula while making sure that the sphincter muscle stays intact as much as possible.
The entire procedure takes only 45 minutes to an hour while patients often take 4 to 6 weeks to heal completely. However, it is possible, especially in more complicated cases, for subsequent surgeries to become necessary for the complete treatment of the fistula.
A hemorrhoidectomy is surgery to remove internal or external hemorrhoids that are extensive or severe. Surgical hemorrhoidectomy is the most effective treatment for hemorrhoids, though it is associated with the greatest rate of complications.
A hemorrhoidectomy is performed in the following settings:
Symptomatic grade III, grade IV, or mixed internal and external hemorrhoids
Where there are additional anorectal conditions that require surgery
Strangulated internal hemorrhoids
Some thrombosed external hemorrhoids
Where patients who cannot tolerate or fail minimally invasive procedures
Types of hemorrhoidectomies and related procedures performed during surgery:
Closed Hemorrhoidectomy
Open Hemorrhoidectomy
Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy (Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids - PPH)
Rubber band Ligation
Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy
Closed Hemorrhoidectomy Closed hemorrhoidectomy is the surgical procedure most commonly used to treat internal hemorrhoids.
It consists of the excision of hemorrhoidal bundles using a sharp instrument, such as a scalpel, scissors, electrocautery, or even laser followed by complete wound closure with absorbable suture. Typically all three hemorrhoidal columns are treated at one time. Postoperative care includes frequent sitz baths, mild analgesics, and avoidance of constipation. Closed hemorrhoidectomy is successful 95% of the time.
Potential complications include pain, delayed bleeding, urinary retention/urinary tract infection, fecal impaction, and very rarely, infection, wound breakdown, fecal incontinence, and anal stricture. Although this technique has the most postoperative discomfort and pain, it does have the best long term results with the lowest recurrence rates. New methods are being devised to decrease the pain associated with the surgery and should allow for a better patient experience.
Open Hemorrhoidectomy
In an open hemorrhoidectomy, hemorrhoidal tissue is excised in the same manner as in a closed procedure, but here the incision is left open. Surgeons may opt for open hemorrhoidectomy when the location or amount of disease makes wound closure difficult or the likelihood of postoperative infection high. Often, a combination of open and closed technique is utilized. Complications following open hemorrhoidectomy are similar to those that occur after closed hemorrhoidectomy.
Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy for Prolapsing Hemorrhoids
Stapled hemorrhoidectomy is the newest addition to the armamentarium of surgical internal hemorrhoid procedures. It has several aliases, including Longo's procedure, the procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH, Ethicon Endo-surgery, Inc., Cincinnati, OH), stapled circumferential mucosectomy, and circular stapler hemorrhoidopexy.
Stapled hemorrhoidectomy is mostly used in patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids and those who fail prior minimally invasive treatments. During stapled hemorrhoidectomy, a circular stapling device is used to excise a circumferential ring of excess hemorrhoid tissue, thereby lifting hemorrhoids back to their normal position within the anal canal.
Stapling also disrupts hemorrhoid blood supply. Studies have suggested that stapled hemorrhoidectomy results in less postoperative pain and shorter recovery compared with conventional surgery, but a higher rate of recurrence. Frequency of complications is similar to that following standard hemorrhoidectomy.
Rubber Band Ligation
A rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid inside the rectum. The band cuts off circulation, and the hemorrhoid withers away within a few days.
A hydrocele (HI-droe-seel) is a type of swelling in the scrotum that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle. Hydrocele is common in newborns and usually disappears without treatment by age 1. Older boys and adult men can develop a hydrocele due to inflammation or injury within the scrotum.
A hydrocele usually isn't painful or harmful and might not need any treatment. But if you have scrotal swelling, see your doctor to rule out other causes.
Symptoms
Usually, the only indication of a hydrocele is a painless swelling of one or both testicles.
Adult men with a hydrocele might experience discomfort from the heaviness of a swollen scrotum. Pain generally increases with the size of the inflammation. Sometimes, the swollen area might be smaller in the morning and larger later in the day.
When to see a doctor
See your doctor if you or your child experiences scrotal swelling. It's important to rule out other causes of the swelling that might require treatment. For example, a hydrocele might be associated with a weak point in the abdominal wall that allows a loop of intestine to extend into the scrotum (inguinal hernia).
A baby's hydrocele typically disappears on its own. But if your baby's hydrocele doesn't disappear after a year or if it enlarges, ask your child's doctor to examine the hydrocele again.
Get immediate medical treatment if you or your child develops sudden, severe scrotal pain or swelling, especially within several hours of an injury to the scrotum. These signs and symptoms can occur with a number of conditions, including blocked blood flow in a twisted testicle (testicular torsion). Testicular torsion must be treated within hours of the beginning of signs and symptoms to save the testicle.
A hysterectomy is an operation to remove a woman's uterus. A woman may have a hysterectomy for different reasons, including:
Uterine fibroids that cause pain, bleeding, or other problems.
Uterine prolapse, which is a sliding of the uterus from its normal position into the vaginal canal.
Cancer of the uterus, cervix, or ovaries:
Endometriosis
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Chronic pelvic pain
Adenomyosis, or a thickening of the uterus
Hysterectomy for noncancerous reasons is usually considered only after all other treatment approaches have been tried without success.
Types of Hysterectomy
Depending on the reason for the hysterectomy, a surgeon may choose to remove all or only part of the uterus. Patients and health care providers sometimes use these terms inexactly, so it is important to clarify if the cervix and/or ovaries are removed:
In a supracervial or subtotal hysterectomy, a surgeon removes only the upper part of the uterus, keeping the cervix in place.
A total hysterectomy removes the whole uterus and cervix.
In a radical hysterectomy, a surgeon removes the whole uterus, tissue on the sides of the uterus, the cervix, and the top part of the vagina. Radical hysterectomy is generally only done when cancer is present.
Toe amputation is a medical procedure performed to treat infections in the toe or to remove gangrene (dead tissues).
How does it help?
Toe amputation is performed on patients suffering from a diabetic foot and is extremely important for diabetic patients. The procedure ceases infections from spreading to other parts.
Steps to take before the surgery
Your doctor may run an X-ray and a blood test to rule out sugar and other diseases that may obstruct the surgery. Apart from these, bone scans are also done to ensure the infection has not spread far. You will be asked to discontinue the use of all anti-inflammatory drugs and blood thinning medicines.
What happens during the procedure?
Once the patient is under the effect of anaesthesia, the wound is cleansed with an antibacterial wash or given a saline bath and cleaned dry. To prevent bleeding, veins or blood vessels around the area are tied off with an electric current. The surgeon then makes an incision and carefully removes the affected area. After the amputation, surrounding muscles and skin are pulled to be sealed and stitched.
After the procedure
The patient is taken to the recovery room and is kept under observation till out of anaesthesia. Before discharging the patient, the doctor prescribes certain painkillers and antibiotics to relieve pain and to assist in speedy recovery.
Steps to take before the surgery
Your doctor may run an X-ray and a blood test to rule out sugar and other diseases that may obstruct the surgery. Apart from these, bone scans are also done to ensure the infection has not spread far. You will be asked to discontinue the use of all anti-inflammatory drugs and blood thinning medicines.
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